🎬 Conclusion: Cooperation of Institutions
    • The Federal Government often introduces the initial drafts, but all three bodies – Bundestag, Bundesrat, government – can take the initiative.
    • The Bundestag debates, checks, amends and decides on the law.
    • The Bundesrat represents state interests and can delay or demand changes to laws.
    • The Federal President has a supervisory role before the law becomes valid.
  • This cooperation ensures democratic control, balance, and consideration of various interests – as shown with the example environmental law, many hurdles must be overcome before a law comes into force.
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